For the following six years, Robert took many trophies in a variety of different kart events, including taking the Bronze medal in the KF-Junior Karting Championship. In 2014, Robert made his single-seater debut in the Formula 4 Championship, finishing third the following year with three wins for Mücke Motorsport (twice at Adria and at Misano). In 2015 and 2016 he continued to race in the German Formula 4 series, as well as the Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 and Formula Renault 2.0 NEC where he took two wins for Josef Kaufmann Racing (Nürburgring and Hockenheim).
In 2017, he raced in Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 with the R-ace GP team and came third in the Championship, taking six wins (Monza, Silverstone, Pau Nürburgring and two wins at Barcelona) and seven pole positions. In 2018, he won the Toyota Racing Series NZ title with M2 competition, with a win in Taupo, before competing in the FIA F3 championship with Prema Powerteam. He was third with two wins (Spielberg and Hockenheim). In 2019, he won the high quality FIA Formula 3 championship with one race in hand, beating his Prema teammate and FDA colleague, Marcus Armstrong. Robert won three times (Race 1 in Barcelona, Race 2 at Le Castellet and Race 1 at Monza.) There were a further seven podium finishes, two pole positions and two fastest race laps.
He made his Formula 2 debut in 2020, taking four wins, the most of any driver and finished fourth in the championship at the wheel of a Prema car. He stayed with the Italian team in 2021 and was in the hunt for the title right down to the final round, fighting team-mate Oscar Piastri. At the end of the season, he drove for both Haas F1 Team and Scuderia Ferrari in the end-of-season test at Abu Dhabi and was confirmed as a test driver for the Scuderia for the 2022 season.
In 2023, he was promoted to Reserve Driver and competed in the GT World Challenge Europe – Endurance Cup championship with the AF Corse – Francorchamps Motors and AF Corse team’s Ferrari 296 GT3, taking a win in the final round of the season, in Barcelona, together with teammates Alessio Rovera and Nicklas Nielsen. In November 2023 he tried out the Ferrari 499P for the first time at the Rookie Test in Bahrain, in the aftermath of the last world championship race: on that occasion Shwartzman set the best overall time in testing.
In 2024, he debuts in the FIA WEC in the Hypercar class with the Ferrari 499P number 83, entered by the AF Corse client team (and kept as a Reserve Driver by Scuderia Ferrari), in a crew with the other official Prancing Horse driver, Yifei Ye; AF Corse driver Robert Kubica completes the line-up.